Classifications of an Emergency
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Pet First Aid: Recognizing and Responding to Injuries and Illnesses
1. Classification of Injuries and Illnesses
Different accidents or illnesses affecting pets can be grouped into three main categories based on severity.
1.1. Life-Threatening Conditions
Immediate action is required for these conditions. They include:
- Not breathing
- Serious bleeding
- Spinal injury
- Shock
- Choking
- Extremes of temperature
- Snake bites
- Unconsciousness
- Severe burns
- Poisoning
1.2. Conditions Requiring Prompt Attention
These conditions need treatment but are not immediately life-threatening. They include:
- Fractures
- Other bleeds
- Gaping wounds
- Conscious collapse
- Dislocations
1.3. Minor Injuries
These injuries require veterinary treatment but are not immediately critical. Examples include:
- Lameness
- Minor burns
- Abscesses
- Bleeds that have been easily controlled
- Insect stings
2. Initial Assessment
As a pet first aider, you must quickly assess the severity of the injury or illness and provide appropriate care. Begin by methodically examining the pet from head to tail.
2.1. Head to Tail Survey
Similar to the human head-to-toe survey, this involves:
- Checking the nose, mouth, ears, skull, and eyes for any abnormalities or discharge.
- Examining the limbs, ribs, spine, and abdomen for signs of pain, bruising, deformities, paralysis, and wounds.
- Inspecting the pelvis, tail, and general body surface for fractures, deformities, discomfort, bleeding, discharge, and matting in the fur.